How does insulin counter a rise in blood glucose concentration?
It promotes glucose uptake by the liver and storage as glycogen, lowering blood glucose.
AQA GCSE Combined Science: Trilogy (8464) — Biology — Higher · 4.5.3.2
Revise AQA GCSE Combined Science: Trilogy (8464) — Biology — Higher specification point 4.5.3.2, Control of blood glucose concentration, with free active-recall flashcards. Flip through the set or review every question and answer below.
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How does insulin counter a rise in blood glucose concentration?
It promotes glucose uptake by the liver and storage as glycogen, lowering blood glucose.
How does glucagon counter a fall in blood glucose concentration?
It stimulates the liver to break down stored glycogen and release glucose into the blood, raising blood glucose.
Which organ monitors blood glucose concentration?
The pancreas.
How does the pancreas respond when blood glucose concentration rises too high?
It produces and releases insulin.
How does insulin affect glucose uptake by body cells?
It causes body cells to take up more glucose from the blood.
What does insulin promote for the storage of excess glucose?
The conversion of excess glucose to glycogen for storage in liver and muscle cells.
What overall effect does insulin have on blood glucose concentration?
It lowers blood glucose concentration.
What happens to insulin release as blood glucose concentration returns towards normal?
Insulin release decreases.
What do the axes, scales and units tell you on an insulin-response graph?
They identify the quantities being compared and how their values are measured.
How can you find the change in blood glucose concentration between two times on a graph?
Read the concentration at each time, then subtract the initial value from the final value.
Why is the timing of insulin administration useful when interpreting a blood glucose graph?
It helps relate subsequent changes in blood glucose to insulin.
What three features can you use to compare blood glucose curves for people with and without diabetes?
Their concentrations, the size and direction of changes, and how rapidly the changes occur.
What should conclusions about insulin response be based on when comparing people with and without diabetes?
The data shown, not an assumed response based solely on whether a person has diabetes.
How does obesity affect the risk of Type 2 diabetes?
It increases the risk of Type 2 diabetes.
How can excess body fat make blood glucose harder to control?
It can make body cells respond less effectively to insulin.
Does obesity determine who develops Type 2 diabetes?
No. Not everyone with obesity develops Type 2 diabetes, and not everyone with Type 2 diabetes has obesity.