Which five structures are shared by plant and animal cells?
Cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, ribosomes and mitochondria.
AQA GCSE Biology - Foundation (8461) · 4.1.1.2
Revise AQA GCSE Biology - Foundation (8461) specification point 4.1.1.2, Animal and plant cells, with free active-recall flashcards. Flip through the set or review every question and answer below.
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Which five structures are shared by plant and animal cells?
Cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, ribosomes and mitochondria.
What does the cell membrane control?
The movement of substances into and out of the cell.
Where do many chemical reactions occur in a cell?
In the cytoplasm.
What is the role of the nucleus in a cell?
It contains genetic material and controls cell activities.
What do ribosomes make?
Proteins.
Where does aerobic respiration occur in a cell?
In the mitochondria.
Which three structures together distinguish a typical plant cell from an animal cell in a diagram or image?
A cell wall, chloroplasts and a large vacuole.
Which two structures found in typical plant cells are absent from animal cells?
Cell walls and chloroplasts.
What is the role of the plant cell wall?
It supports the cell and maintains its shape.
What is the role of chloroplasts in a plant cell?
They absorb light for photosynthesis.
What does the large vacuole of a plant cell contain?
Cell sap.
How does the vacuole help a plant cell?
It helps keep the cell firm.
What three components do eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells share?
A cell membrane, cytoplasm and genetic material (DNA).
What role does the cell membrane play?
It forms a boundary around the cytoplasm and controls movement of substances into and out of the cell.
How does the organisation of genetic material distinguish eukaryotic from prokaryotic cells?
In eukaryotic cells, genetic material is enclosed within a nucleus. In prokaryotic cells, it is not.
Which type of cell is found in plants and animals, and which is found in bacteria?
Plant and animal cells are eukaryotic; bacterial cells are prokaryotic.
How does the size of a bacterial cell compare with plant and animal cells?
A bacterial cell is much smaller.
What surrounds the cell membrane of a bacterial cell?
A cell wall.
How is the main DNA organised in a bacterial cell?
It forms a single loop in the cytoplasm.
What are bacterial plasmids?
Small rings of DNA separate from the main DNA loop.
Are plasmids present in every bacterial cell?
No. A bacterial cell may have one or more plasmids, or none.