What is a tumour?
A growth of abnormal cells formed by uncontrolled cell division.
AQA GCSE Biology - Foundation (8461) · 4.2.2.7
Revise AQA GCSE Biology - Foundation (8461) specification point 4.2.2.7, Cancer, with free active-recall flashcards. Flip through the set or review every question and answer below.
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What is a tumour?
A growth of abnormal cells formed by uncontrolled cell division.
What are the defining features of a benign tumour?
It remains contained in one area, usually within a membrane, and does not invade other parts of the body.
What is a malignant tumour?
A cancer whose cells invade neighbouring tissues.
What is metastasis?
The spread of cancer cells through the blood to other parts of the body, where they form secondary tumours.
What is a carcinogen?
An agent that increases the risk of cancer.
How can a carcinogen cause a tumour to form?
It can damage DNA and cause mutations in genes controlling cell division. Disrupted control may lead to uncontrolled cell division and a tumour.
Why is ionising radiation a carcinogen?
It can damage DNA.
How is smoking linked to lung cancer risk?
Tobacco smoke contains carcinogenic chemicals, and smoking increases the risk of lung cancer.
Does exposure to a carcinogen guarantee that cancer will develop?
No. Exposure increases the risk but does not guarantee cancer.